Alle paar Monate taucht der Noni-Saft in der
HirnTMR-Mailingliste auf. Es gibt jedoch keine bewiesene Wirkung gegen Hirntumoren. Eine Literaturrecherche zum Thema Noni + Gehirntumor (genauer: Morinda citrifolia brain tumor) gab kein Ergebnis. "0 items found" war das Resultat. Lediglich beim Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center fand ich einige Daten. Aber, wie gesagt, kein Hinweis auf eine günstige Wirkung bei Hirntumoren.
Quelle:
http://www.mskcc.org/mskcc/html/11571.cfm?RecordID=469&tab=HCZitat: "Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
About Herbs
NONI (Morinda citrifolia) HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONAL INFORMATION
CLINICAL SUMMARY
Derived from the fruit, leaves, and roots of the tree. Noni is a traditional Polynesian remedy for a variety of conditions including cancer, hypertension, and diabetes. Several polysaccharides, anthraquinones (2), and alkaloids (3) are thought responsible for its activity. Animal studies show antitumor and immunomodulatory activity of noni juice extracts (5) (6) (10). University of Hawaii is conducting an NIH funded phase I study of noni in cancer patients. No serious adverse events or drug interactions have been noted. However, due to the high sugar content in the fruit juice, diabetics should use noni juice with caution.
SCIENTIFIC NAME
Morinda citrifolia
ALSO KNOWN AS
Lada, Indian mulberry, nono, och plant, cheese fruit, hog apple, mora de la India, wild pine
BRAND NAME
Morinda®
PURPORTED USES
* Cancer treatment
* Chronic fatigue syndrome
* Diabetes
* Health maintenance
* Hypertension
* Immunostimulation
* Menstrual cramps
* Pain
CONSTITUENTS
* Acids: Caproic, caprylic (1)
* Anthraquinone: Damnacanthal
* Polysaccharides: Noni-ppt, galactose, arabinose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid
* Glycosides: Rutin, 6-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-1-O-octanoyl-beta-D-glucopyranose, asperulosidic acid (2)
* Terpenes
* Alkaloids (3)
MECHANISM OF ACTION
The exact mechanism of action is unknown. The fruit juice contains noni-ppt, a polysaccharide-rich substance, which significantly enhances survival of inbred Lewis Lung carcinoma bearing mice (10). Noni-ppt is thought to act by an immunomodulatory mechanism (4). It increases nitric oxide production from murine peritoneal macrophages and stimulates the release of cytokines, interleukin 1-beta, and tumor necrosis factor alpha from human peripheral mononuclear cells. When combined with sub-optimal doses of standard chemotherapeutic agents such as adriamycin, cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and vincristine, noni-ppt improved survival time and curative effects in a LLC mouse model (5). Two glycosides isolated from noni juice inhibit AP-1 transactivation and cell transformation in the mouse epidermal JB6 cell line (3). Oral noni juice reduces DMBA-DNA adduct formation by 50-90% in organs of C57 BL-6 mice and shows antioxidant activity in vitro (6). Aqueous extract of noni root produced a central analgesic effect in Swiss mice that was antagonized by naloxone (7).
WARNINGS
Due to the high sugar content in the fruit juice, diabetic patients should use noni juice with caution.
CONTRAINDICATIONS
Due to potassium content, patients with renal failure should not consume noni.
ADVERSE REACTIONS
Common: Constipation
Case report: Hyperkalemia in a patient with renal failure
(8)
LITERATURE SUMMARY AND CRITIQUE
Animal Studies:
Hirazumi A, et al. Anticancer activity of morinda citrifolia (noni) on intraperitoneally implanted Lewis lung carcinoma in syngeneic mice. Proc West Pharmacol Soc 1994;37:145-6.
Noni fruit was prepared from fruit stored in glass jars in direct sunlight for up to 3 days. The juice was removed and processed to remove the ethanol fractions. Lewis lung carcinoma was injected intraperitoneally (IP) into C57BL/6 mice. Twenty-four hours later, noni extract was injected IP either daily or every other day for 5 days. Results of the study showed that mice treated with 15 mg noni juice extract survived 20 days longer than control mice. Additive toxicity was demonstrated when noni extract was combined with conventional chemotherapy such as vincristine, 5-fluorouracil, and doxorubicin. Additional animal and human studies are needed to confirm this report.
REFERENCES
(1) Levand O, Larson HO. Some chemical constituents of Morinda citrifolia. Planta med 1979;36:186-7.
(2) Wang M, et al. Novel trisaccharide fatty acid ester identified from the fruits of Morinda citrifolia (Noni). J Agric Food Chem 1999;47:4880-2.
(3) Liu G, et al. Two novel glycosides from the fruits of Morinda citrifolia (noni) inhibit AP-1 transactivation and cell transformation in the mouse epidermal JB6 cell line. Cancer Res 2001;61:5749-56.
(4) Hirazumi A, et al. Immunomodulation contributes to the anticancer activity of Morinda citrifolia (noni) fruit juice. Proc West Pharmacol Soc 1996;39:7-9.
(5) Hirazumi A, Furusawa E. An immunomodulatory polysaccharide-rich substance from the fruit juice of Morinda citrifolia (noni) with antitumour activity. Phytother Res 1999;13:380-7.
(6) Wang MY, Su C. Cancer preventative effect of Morinda citrifolia (noni). Ann N Y Acad Sci 2001;952:161-8.
(7) Younos C, et al. Analgesic and behavioural effects of Morinda citrifolia. Planta Med 1990;56:430-4.
(8) Mueller BA, et al. Noni juice (Morinda citrifolia): hidden potential for hyperkalemia? Am J Kidney Dis 2000;35:310-2.
(9) Horowitz S. Traditional Hawaiian healing arts enrich conventional medical practices. Altern Complement Ther 2001;7:68-73.
(10) Hirazumi A, et al. Anticancer activity of morinda citrifolia (noni) on intraperitoneally implanted Lewis lung carcinoma in syngeneic mice. Proc West Pharmacol Soc 1994;37:145-6."
